Periods of susceptibility for associations between phthalate exposure and preterm birth: Results from a pooled analysis of 16 US cohorts
The association of preterm birth with gestational biomarkers of DEHP exposure, but not other phthalate metabolites, differed by the timing of exposure. First and second trimester exposures demonstrated the greatest associations. Our study also highlights methodological considerations for critical periods of susceptibility analyses in pooled studies.
Authors
- Kate E. Christenbury
- Alexandra M. Binder (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2949-4684)
- A Bradman
- Shanna H. Swan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9564-0614)
- Michael S. Bloom (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0028-5494)
- Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Roger Newman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2422-619X)
- Abby G. Wenzel
- Emily S. Barrett (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-524X)
- Kim G. Harley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7077-1474)
- Russ Hauser (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1899-3982)
- Jenny Aalborg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1236-8457)
- Emma M. Rosen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0960-7565)
- Alexander P. Keil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0955-6107)
- Alexa Friedman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4132-340X)
- Vasantha Padmanabhan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8443-7212)
- Brenda Eskenazi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7609-6852)
- Deborah J. Watkins (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6692-2206)
- Barrett M. Welch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1304-2272)
- Julie Beth Herbstman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5531-163X)
- José F. Cordero (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-6391)
- Anne P. Starling (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6638-8314)
- Rebecca J. Schmidt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1582-2747)
- John D. Meeker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8357-5085)
- Akram N. Alshawabkeh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5243-4087)
- Nina Holland (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3284-8156)
- Ruby H.N. Nguyen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6598-8457)
- Kelly K. Ferguson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8467-3250)
- Birgit Weinberger (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7084-946X)
- Pam Factor‐Litvak (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7729-1884)
- Anne Marie Z. Jukic (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8635-9505)
- Thomas F. McElrath (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-0107)
- Kimberly Yolton (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4458-0516)
- David Q. Rich (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7132-0069)
- Katie M. O’Brien (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1931-1349)
- Jessie Poulin Buckley (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7976-0157)
- Carmen Messerlian (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-1492)
- Ami R. Zota (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0710-354X)
- J. Bruce Redmon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1883-9467)
- Tamarra James‐Todd (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3589-5169)
- Karin B. Michels (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5137-5505)
- Antonia M. Calafat (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9796-7482)
- Bruce P. Lanphear (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2598-5574)
- Allen J. Wilcox (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-1311)
- Stephanie M. Engel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3942-1246)
- Amy E. Sparks (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6401-2452)
- Dana Dabelea (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9514-8929)
- Nicole R. Bush (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-9975)
- Virginia Rauh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3164-9892)
- Yu Zhang
- Christina Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8231-792X)
- Joseph M. Braun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5239-3235)
- David E. Cantonwine
- Clarice Ring Weinberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7713-8556)
Institutions
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US)
- University of Iowa (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Northeastern University (US)
- Seattle Children's Hospital (US)
- University of Minnesota (US)
- University of Hawaii System (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- University of California, Merced (US)
- University of Freiburg (DE)
- George Mason University (US)
- University of Georgia (US)
- Simon Fraser University (CA)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Brown University (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- University of Rochester Medical Center (US)
- Triangle (US)
- National Center for Environmental Health (US)
- Cancer Center of Hawaii (US)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (US)
- University of Minnesota Medical Center (US)
- National Cancer Institute (US)
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (US)
- University of Cincinnati (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Environment International
- Published
- 2025-03-20
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.109392
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 2.40
Funders
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development