Thermal radiation-based spatial region information display

Abstract This paper presents a novel tactile interaction method employing thermal radiation. By precisely controlling the heat transmitted through electromagnetic waves and applying it to the skin, we aim to create a virtual spatial region where users perceive the heat region. This approach offers unrestricted spatial perception, rapid response, and a wide range of sensations, surpassing the limitations of existing tactile technologies. Our initial system, utilizing halogen lamps, demonstrated the system’s temperature control capabilities and the human sensory effects of temperature variations. However, the low luminous flux hindered precise temperature control and rapid spatial changes. To address these limitations, we developed a second system employing lasers and galvanometer mirrors, enabling high-precision temperature display. Through some experiments, we confirmed the system’s spatial and temporal accuracy and the superiority of visible-light measurements over active-light measurements. A virtual wall presentation experiment demonstrated the sensitivity of human perception to subtle temperature changes. This research paves the way for innovative tactile interfaces with applications in gaming, virtual reality, and assistive technology.