Chemical constituents and their anti-inflammatory activity of <i>Ochna integerrima</i> roots

This study investigates the chemical composition and anti-inflammatory properties of root extracts from <i>Ochna integerrima</i>. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction showed significant anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Six compounds were isolated and characterised, including three isoflavonoids, one flavonoid, and two phenolic compounds. Among these compounds, the isolated compound <b>3</b>, the first to be identified from this plant, demonstrated the strongest NO inhibition, with an IC₅₀ value of 69.95 ± 1.13 μM. Molecular docking studies suggest that these compounds may bind to the TLR4/MD-2 receptor complex, potentially obstructing LPS-induced activation of inflammatory pathways. The findings indicate that the anti-inflammatory effects of <i>O. integerrima</i> are likely due to its flavonoid content, highlighting its potential as a source of anti-inflammatory agents for treating inflammatory diseases.