Impact of charging infrastructure construction on electric vehicle diffusion based on a multi-agent model

To explore the impact of charging infrastructure on electric vehicles (EVs) diffusion, a multi-agent model of EVs-charging infrastructure construction (EV-CIC) is established based on complex adaptive system (CAS). The simulation examines four infrastructure factors and two policy interventions. The results show that the installation rate of private charging piles has the greatest impact, increasing market share by 4% for every 10% rise, followed by the number of public charging piles with 1.58% per 100 units, failure rate with 1.3% per 10% reduction, and charging price with 1% per 10 yuan. High subsidy rates show strong effects in the early stages, while sharing policies for private charging piles show better long-term benefits, increasing market share by 13% compared to non-sharing scenarios. In conclusion, private charging piles, whether through increasing installation rates or enhancing sharing policies, could lead to significant breakthroughs in promoting the development of the EV market.