Effect of Ethanol Percentage on Phytochemical Constituent, Antioxidant Activity, and Dermatological Potential of Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin

The present investigation evaluated four different solvent compositions (water, 50% ethanol, 70% ethanol, and pure ethanol) for their relative capacity to extract, total phenolic (TP), total flavonoid (TF) components, antioxidant activities, and dermatological potential of leaves of Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin. The TP and TF of extracts were measured using the Folin–Ciocalteau and AlCl3, respectively. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Meanwhile, in vitro dermatological potential, tyrosinase, and elastase inhibitory are by the colorimetric method. The extract obtained by pure ethanol presented the most potent antioxidant activity. DPPH and FRAP IC50 values were 16.60±0.62 µg/mL and 27.53±0.69 µg/mL, respectively. The same extract also exhibited the highest TP (3.82±0.15 mg GAE/g DW) and TF (3.23±0.09 mg QE/g DW). Our finding additionally suggested that pure ethanol provides the highest extraction yield. However, 70% ethanol extract was a good source of tyrosinase (IC50, 60.49±7.73 µg/mL) and elastase inhibitor (IC50, 45.49±0.37 µg/mL). Overall, the experimental results revealed that C. trifolia has significant antioxidant and inhibitory action on skin-related tyrosinase and elastase, indicating that they might be used as bioactive metabolites in cosmetic and medicinal formulations to combat skin drooping and hyperpigmentation.