CMS RPC L1 Trigger clustering at CMSSW
The Compact Muon Solenoid detector at the Large Hadron Collider is a multipurpose experiment designed for studying proton–proton and heavy-ion collisions. It features a 3.8 T Solenoid magnet, a Silicon tracker, Electromagnetic and Hadronic Calorimeters, and the Muon system. For the High Luminosity LHC, CMS will undergo Phase-2 upgrades to handle higher collision rates, with PileUp increasing from 50 to 140/200 interactions per bunch crossing, collision energy reaching 14 TeV, and peak luminosity rising to 5 − 7 . 5 × 1 0 34 c m − 2 s − 1 . These upgrades aim to enable even more precise Standard Model measurements, improvements in the Higgs sector, and searches for Beyond Standard Model physics. This document describes the main features of the Endcap Muon Track Finder ++ algorithm, developed in the CMS Software; it is the Level 1 Trigger algorithm upgrade being developed for Phase-2 of the currently used Endcap Track Finder. The efficiency of the algorithm was computed on simulations generated with and without RPC and iRPC ((i)RPC) information, using a pre-trained model.
Authors
- A. Santoro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0568-665X)
- L. Balleyguier
- I. Lomidze (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3901-2765)
- Neal Patrick Smith (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1394-3158)
- E. Asilar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5680-599X)
- Andrés Cabrera (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0486-6296)
- H. Kou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4927-243X)
- C. Uribe Estrada (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2425-7340)
- J. Eysermans (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6483-7123)
- H. Castilla-Valdez
- Xiangnan Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-3418)
- E. Zareian
- K. Skovpen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1160-0621)
- I. Crotty
- A. Sánchez-Hernández (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9548-0358)
- E. Shumka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-2574)
- A. Samalan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9024-2609)
- C. Ávila (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5610-2693)
- P. Iaydjiev (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-0607)
- B.C. Ferreira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7988-7545)
- H. R. Hoorani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0088-5043)
- F. Marujo da Silva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3555-0489)
- M. Shopova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6664-2493)
- E. Coelho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6114-9907)
- Yeonsu Ryou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2762-8650)
- A. Braghieri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9606-5604)
- A. Dimitrov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2899-701X)
- A. Luciol
- D. Ramos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-1017)
- A. Petrov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8899-1514)
- K. Mota Amarilo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1707-3348)
- J. Shin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8486-2482)
- Kyong Sei Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3680-7039)
- L. Mundim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9964-7805)
- F. Loddo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9517-6815)
- Peng Cao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5645-734X)
- G. Iaselli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-5341)
- J. Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8365-7726)
- P. Salvini
- L. Litov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8511-6883)
- R. Hadjiiska (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1824-1737)
- T. J. Kim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8336-2434)
- I. Pedraza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2669-4659)
- V. Amoozegar
- B. Pavlov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3635-0646)
- W. Tromeur
- B. Boghrati
- E. M. Da Costa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5016-6434)
- G. Sultanov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8030-3866)
- G. Galbit
- Yasaman Hosseini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-8963)
- G. A. Alves (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8369-1446)
- Qingfeng Hou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1965-5918)
- J.P. Pinheiro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6293-3332)
- D.L. Ramirez Guadarrama (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7280-8269)
- Na Wang
- P. Vitulo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9247-7778)
- C. Riccardi
- Y. Assran (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6974-9595)
- Ashfaq Ahmad (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4770-1897)
- D. Piccolo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5404-543X)
- S. Bianco (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8300-4124)
- M. Ebrahimi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8967-7725)
- P. Paolucci (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8773-4781)
- Fabiola Vazquez Valencia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-3982)
- Jian Song (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5577-8595)
- F. Fienga (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5978-4952)
- A. Radi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7857-3445)
- S. J. Qian (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0630-481X)
- G. Grenier (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1976-5877)
- C. Florez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3222-0249)
- M. Gouzevitch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5524-880X)
- J. A. Reyes Vega
- I. Bagaturia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8646-4372)
- Zhenan Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2896-1386)
- F. Carnevali (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3857-1231)
- J. Goh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1129-2083)
- G. Pugliese (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5460-2638)
- Diego Andres Barbosa Trujillo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6607-4238)
- Z. Tsamalaidze (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5377-3558)
- P. Montagna (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9647-9420)
- R. Aly (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6808-1335)
- O. Kemularia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3212-8880)
- M. Tytgat (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3990-2074)
- S. Choi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6225-9876)
- B. Hong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2259-9929)
- D. De Jesus Damião (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3769-1680)
- M. Thiel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7139-7963)
- Mehar Ali Shah (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0581-9090)
- S. Meola (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8233-7277)
- M. Abbrescia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8727-7544)
- L. Mirabito
- N. Zaganidis
- R. Gomes De Souza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-1126)
- S. Fonseca De Souza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7830-0837)
- Y. Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6954-9964)
- R. López-Fernández
- H. Nogima (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7705-1066)
- M. Ramirez-García (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-3822)
- M. A. Mahmoud (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8692-5458)
- S. Buontempo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9526-556X)
- M. Mohammadi Najafabadi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6131-5987)
- M. I. Asghar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7137-2106)
- S. Muhammad
- C. Giordano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6317-2481)
- C. Combaret
- W. Diao
- W. X. Gong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4161-7210)
- M. Barroso Ferreira Filho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3904-0571)
- L. Benussi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2363-8889)
- P. Petkov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0420-9480)
- L. Lista (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6471-5492)
- N. De Filippis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0625-6811)
- А. Александров (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6934-2541)
- F. Esfandi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9245-0840)
Institutions
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BE)
- Austrian Academy of Sciences (AT)
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BG)
- Ghent University (BE)
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (BR)
- Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (BG)
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (BR)
- Institute of High Energy Physics (AT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
- Published
- 2025-03-20
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2025.170363
- Primary Topic
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- CERN
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
- Bulgarian National Science Fund
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning
- Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla
- Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional
- Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules