Design and implementation of an autonomous driving vehicle control system based on PID adjustment

This paper investigates the design and implementation of a closed-loop control system for self-driving vehicles based on proportional-integral-differential (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control. The system comprehensively characterizes the vehicle dynamics by constructing a high-precision vehicle kinematic model and combining it with parameter calibration. On this basis, PID controllers are designed for speed and steering respectively. The optimal parameter combinations of each control loop are determined through simulation environment testing, and the parameter adaptive switching mechanism is adopted to improve the robustness and adaptability of the system under multiple operating conditions. The experimental results show that the optimized system achieves a high precision control performance with a steering accuracy of ±0.02 degrees and a steady state error of speed control less than 0.1km/h. Especially under complex road conditions and extreme weather conditions, the system shows strong anti-interference ability and fast dynamic response characteristics. In addition, through the improved incremental PID algorithm and multi-scenario simulation test, the performance of the vehicle in emergency braking, sharp turning and slippery road surface meets the expectation. The research results provide new ideas and methodological support for the development of automatic driving control systems in automobile OEMs.