CHANGES IN BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN BROILER CHICKENS EXPOSED TO GADOLINIUM AND LANTHANUM ORTHOVANADATE NANOPARTICLES

In our research, we were interested in the presence of changes in the biochemical profile of the blood serum of broiler chickens under the influence of nanoparticles of gadolinium orthovanadate (NP GdVO4:Eu3+), lanthanum orthovanadate (NP LaVO4:Eu3+) and their mixture in therapeutic doses, which were established by us in previous studies on white rats. Day-old broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 cross (n=150) were used as the object of study. Chickens of the experimental group I received NP GdVO4:Eu3+ for 10 days at a dose of 0.2 mg/L of drinking water, experimental group II – NP LaVO4:Eu3+ at a dose of 0.2 mg/L of drinking water, experimental group III – NP GdVO4:Eu3+ and NP LaVO4:Eu3+ at a dose of 0.2 mg/L of drinking water (on average, chickens received 0.09 (0.13-0.05) mg/kg body weight of NP) and chickens of the experimental group IV received with water the veterinary vitamin drug Devivit Complex to compare the antioxidant effect at a dose of 0.3 ml/L of drinking water, chickens of the control group received drinking water without additives. After 10 days, NP administration was stopped and the chickens were observed for another 5 days. The administration of these nanoparticles to broiler chickens for 10 days was found to lead to a decrease in lipid metabolism (total cholesterol and triglycerides), protein metabolism (uric acid) and lipid peroxidation (diene conjugates and malondialdehyde) against the background of activation of carbohydrate metabolism (increased glucose concentration) and activity of hepatospecific enzymes (alanine and aspartate aminotransferases) with a prolonged effect after discontinuation of administration. The data obtained show that rare earth element orthovanadates nanoparticles have antioxidant properties. These nanoparticles are promising candidates for use in feed additives and veterinary drugs with an adaptogenic effect. Spremembe biokemičnih označevalcev pri pitovnih piščancih, izpostavljenih nanodelcem gadolinijevega in lantanovega ortovanadata Izvleček: V raziskavi nas je zanimala prisotnost sprememb v biokemičnem profilu krvnega seruma piščancev brojlerjev pod vplivom nanodelcev gadolinijevega ortovanadata (NP GdVO4:Eu3+), lantanovega ortovanadata (NP LaVO4:Eu3+) in njihove mešanice v terapevtskih odmerkih, ki smo jih ugotovili v prejšnjih študijah na belih podganah. Raziskava je bila izvedena na enodnevnih brojlerjih Cobb 500 cross (n = 150). Piščanci eksperimentalne skupine I so 10 dni prejemali NP GdVO4:Eu3+ v odmerku 0,2 mg/l pitne vode, piščanci eksperimentalne skupine II – NP LaVO4:Eu3+ v odmerku 0,2 mg/l pitne vode, piščanci eksperimentalne skupine III pa NP GdVO4:Eu3+ in NP LaVO4:Eu3+ v odmerku 0,2 mg/l pitne vode (v povprečju so piščanci prejemali 0,09 (0,13–0,05) mg/kg telesne mase NP). Piščanci poskusne skupine IV so z vodo prejemali veterinarski vitaminski pripravek Devivit Complex v odmerku 0,3 ml/l pitne vode za primerjavo antioksidativnega učinka, piščanci kontrolne skupine pa pitno vodo brez dodatkov. Po 10 dneh smo prenehali dajati NP in piščance opazovali še 5 dni. Ugotovili smo, da je 10-dnevno dajanje omenjenih nanodelcev piščancem brojlerjem povzročilo zmanjšanje presnove lipidov (skupnega holesterola in trigliceridov), presnove beljakovin (sečne kisline) in peroksidacije lipidov (dienskih konjugatov in malondialdehida) ob aktivaciji presnove ogljikovih hidratov (povečani koncentraciji glukoze) in aktivnosti hepatospecifičnih encimov (alanina in aspartat aminotransferaze) s podaljšanim učinkom po prekinitvi dajanja. Pridobljeni podatki kažejo, da imajo nanodelci ortovanadatov redkih zemeljskih elementov antioksidativne lastnosti, zato so obetavni kandidati za uporabo v krmnih dodatkih in veterinarskih zdravilih z adaptogenim vplivom. Ključne besede: nanodelci gadolinijevega ortovanadata; nanodelci lantanovega ortovanadata; biokemični označevalci; piščanci brojlerji; krvni serum