Leucemia de células dendríticas plasmocitoides - estudio y diagnóstico de un caso

Plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukemia (pDCL) is a rare and aggressive neoplasm that affects the skin, lymph nodes, and may spread to the bone marrow. Recognized by the WHO as a distinct entity since 2016, it has a median survival of 12 to 16 months. Although sometimes associated with Epstein-Barr virus and HIV, its exact etiology remains uncertain. Genetic characteristics include deletions in chromosomes 4, 9, and 13, and overexpression of oncogenes. The case study describes a 49-year-old patient with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus who presented with symptoms of leukopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. Agranulocytosis was initially suspected, but subsequent tests confirmed plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukemia and its progression.