Bird’s Eye View of Artificial Intelligence in Neuroscience

This review used a common bibliometric technique to identify areas of application of artificial intelligence (AI) in neuroscience research by analyzing citation patterns. Networks of related publications were constructed using bibliographic coupling, focusing on peer-reviewed research articles and review articles that included elements of both AI and neuroscience. The use of AI in neuroscience has experienced significant growth, with a doubling time of 4 to 5 years for AI-related neuroscience publications in the past decade. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transformer-based large language models have been applied across an increasing range of neuroscience subdisciplines, with profound impact on cognitive, computational, systems, and clinical neuroscience.