Unraveling Adrenal Oncocytoma: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Surgical Success

Adrenal oncocytomas are rare benign tumors originating in the adrenal gland and feature eosinophilic, mitochondria-rich cytoplasm. These tumors are difficult to diagnose and manage since they develop infrequently and have nonspecific symptoms. We present the case of a 45-year-old male with no known comorbidities who came with complaints of nonspecific on-off abdominal pain and no other associated findings. Imaging indicated a 12 × 10 cm mass originating from the right adrenal gland, abutting the right kidney, with no involvement of major arteries. Biochemical studies suggested a non-functioning adrenal tumor with Adrenocortical Carcinoma and non-functioning Pheochromocytoma as differentials. The patient underwent a right laparoscopic adrenalectomy with the tumor not invading any other structures. The patient had an uneventful postoperative period. The histopathology exam revealed an adrenal mass with predominant oncocytoma features. The patient had an uneventful postoperative period. The diagnosis of adrenal oncocytoma has been established by histopathological analysis. This report underscores the significance of histological confirmation in adrenal tumors and the need for additional research to provide diagnostic and treatment guidelines for these uncommon neoplasms, given the limited number of reported cases.