Robustness of the Cupriavidus necator-Catalyzed Production of α-Humulene

The increasing global demand for natural substances such as the sesquiterpene α-humulene makes optimizing microbial production essential. A production process using the versatile host <i>Cupriavidus necator</i> has been recently improved by adjusting the minimal media and process parameters. Understanding microbial and process robustness is key to ensuring consistent performance under different conditions. This study is the first to investigate and quantify the robustness of microbial α-humulene production and biomass formation using <i>C. necator</i> pKR-hum. Established process improvements and the impact of common or individual precultures were analyzed and quantified for their effect on the robustness of product and biomass formation. We report a robust α-humulene production process with even more consistent biomass formation using <i>C. necator</i> pKR-hum. Even with a simulated process disturbance, 79% of the maximum α-humulene level was still produced. Overall, our results show that the α-humulene production process using <i>C. necator</i> pKR-hum is highly robust, demonstrating its resilience to process disturbances and suitability for further industrial applications.