Internal friction evidence for the carbides-formation in the high Co–Ni martensite steel during heat treatment
The internal friction (IF) behaviors, combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD), dilatometry, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis of the cryogenic treated and tempered M54 steel were systematically investigated. In IF-temperature curves, the peak P<sub>1</sub> was proved to be a Snoek-Ke-Koester (SKK) relaxation peak associated with interstitial carbon atoms in martensite matrix according to its activation energy. The peak P<sub>2</sub> and P<sub>3</sub> were attributed to reverse martensite transformation and martensite transformation, respectively, during the thermal cycle. Based on the analysis results of IF, XRD and TEM, M<sub>2</sub>C precipitation indeed occurred during tempering, leading to final ultra-high strength and hardness of the aged M54 steel.
Authors
- Tiankuo Gao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9993-6858)
- Xing-Wang Cheng
- Xianyu Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-8476)
- Dan Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8491-1017)
- Le Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9966-2503)
- Zhaohui Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6021-1235)
- Gangling Hao
- Weiguo Wang
Institutions
- Beijing Institute of Technology (CN)
- Yan'an University (CN)
- Chongqing University of Technology (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2025-03-20
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-93709-8
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.71
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing