Spread of Quarantine Plant Diseases and Phytonematodes in Ukraine

Goal. To analyze the spread dynamics of quarantine plant diseases and nematodes based on data from the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection. Methods. Official data on the spread of quarantine plant diseases and phytoparasitic nematodes were interpreted using analytical-comparative methods. Results. Between 2015 and 2023, six locally presented quarantine pathogens and one phytonematode species (list A-2 of the List of regulated harmful organisms) were detected in Ukraine, as well as three pathogens with status of absent in Ukraine (list A-1). Phytosanitary measures significantly reduced areas infected by golden potato cyst nematode, fireblight of fruit tree, plum pox, sugar beet rhizomania (A-2), and tobacco ringspot nepovirus (A-1). The areas with potato wart (A-2), brown rot of potatoes, and white rust in chrysanthemums (A-1) showed little change, but those with pasmo disease of flax (A-2) increased notably. Spread of maize bacterial wilt, last recorded in 2014—2019, has been halted and is no longer officially registered in Ukraine. Conclusions. As of January 1, 2024, eight Ukrainian regions remain free of quarantine pathogens and phytonematodes. Four regions only report golden potato cyst nematode. Despite positive trends in reducing infection areas, the simplification of phytosanitary procedures under martial law poses a significant risk. Strict compliance with phytosanitary measures and enhanced monitoring of agricultural and other land types for regulated harmful organisms are essential.