Unveiling the bulge–disc structure, AGN feedback, and baryon landscape in a massive spiral galaxy with Mpc-scale radio jets
ABSTRACT We study the bulge–disc components and stellar mass distribution in the fast-rotating, highly massive spiral galaxy 2MASX J23453268−0449256, which is distinguished by extraordinary radio jets extending to Mpc scales. Using high-resolution multiwavelength Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations and multiparameter panchromatic spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting, we derive estimates of key properties, such as the star formation rate, total baryonic mass in stars, and the characteristics of warm dust. Our findings, validated at a spatial resolution of approximately 100 pc, reveal a pseudo-bulge rather than a classical bulge, as well as a small nuclear bar and resonant ring, challenging traditional models of galaxy formation. Furthermore, the absence of tidal debris and the highly symmetric spiral arms within a rotationally supported stellar disc suggest a peaceful co-evolution of the galactic disc and its central supermassive black hole (SMBH). Notably, the galaxy exhibits suppressed star formation in its central region, which may be influenced by feedback from the central accreting SMBH, producing powerful radio jets. Detailed multiwavelength studies of potential star-forming gas show that while hot X-ray gas cools in the galaxy’s halo, new stars do not form in the centre, likely due to this feedback. This study raises important questions about the efficient fuelling and sustained collimated jet activity in J2345−0449, highlighting the need for a better understanding of the central black hole’s properties. The exceptional rarity of galaxies like 2MASX J23453268−0449256 presents intriguing challenges in uncovering the physical processes behind their unique characteristics.
Authors
- S A Walker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6413-4142)
- Aaron J. Barth (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3026-0562)
- Suraj Dhiwar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8650-205X)
- A. C. Fabian (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9378-4072)
- M S Mirakhor (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7595-6723)
- M. B. Pandge (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-6257)
- Luis C. Ho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6947-5846)
- Pratik Dabhade (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9212-3574)
- F. Combes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2658-7893)
- J. Bagchi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2922-2884)
- Shankar Ray (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-0005)
- Joe Jacob (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0413-1855)
- Nicole Nesvadba
Institutions
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Suzuki (Japan) (JP)
- Universidad de La Laguna (ES)
- Collège de France (FR)
- Peking University (CN)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (FR)
- Observatoire de Paris (FR)
- Sorbonne Université (FR)
- Dayanand Medical College & Hospital (IN)
- National Centre for Nuclear Research (PL)
- Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (FR)
- Laboratoire d’Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères (FR)
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences (CN)
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté (FR)
- Institute of Astronomy (RU)
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (ES)
- University of Warsaw (PL)
- Christ University (IN)
- Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IN)
- University of Alabama in Huntsville (US)
- Savitribai Phule Pune University (IN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Published
- 2025-03-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf229
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 4.62
Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- Indian Space Research Organisation
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Science and Engineering Research Board