Development of a regulatory approach to risk assessment of energy utilities

The article considers approaches to risk assessment in the functioning of urban energy systems in order to develop an effective management strategy based on the regulatory approach. The article analyses risk assessment approaches and highlights the normative approach as a basis for risk management, which requires the introduction of a qualitative assessment of the impact of external and internal factors provided for by regulatory documents. The main problems of risk management and assessment are analysed and identified, in particular, the need for an integrated approach to risk assessment and the importance of assessing not only the functioning of individual components of the system, but also the interrelationships between them and the processes that occur within the system and have an impact on both the technical system and the environment. It is proposed to consider the consequences of violation of normal operating conditions of power equipment as a risk for the qualimetric assessment of technical systems through the possibility of restoration and modernisation of equipment. As a model for managing the risks of technical systems, a model based on the intensity of failures and the probability of restoring the power system's performance is proposed. A scale for assessing the occurrence of an undesirable event by the level of safety and the consequences of these events is proposed by taking into account the restoration of both the technical component of the system (taking into account the restoration time) and the environmental consequences and the possibilities of their elimination, taking into account the time and level of damage. For assessment and management purposes, the impact of external factors on the functioning of the technical system is analysed and an assessment using risk matrices is proposed. This approach makes it possible to assess the effectiveness of the implementation, organisation and operation of the system, and most importantly, to manage and improve the functioning of the system at any stage of its life cycle.