Fluorescence frequency-response imaging (F-FRI) for label-free nondestructive tissue metabolic and composition assessment

We introduce a novel, cost-effective, versatile, and practical fluorescence imaging modality called Fluorescence Frequency-Response Imaging (F-FRI). This technique can image the frequency response of the time-resolved fluorescence emission, excited at multiple wavelengths and measured across various emission spectral bands. This innovative F-FRI modality has been successfully translated for label-free metabolic endoscopic imaging of epithelial oral mucosa and wide-field biochemical imaging of resected skin tumors during Mohs micrographic surgery.