Evaluation of the Origin and Synoptic Analysis of Dust Storm Phenomena Using Satellite Image Processing in Western Iran

This study investigates the identification and analysis of dust sources using satellite imagery and synoptic meteorological data, focusing on a significant dust event originating from Syria on September 1, 2015. Visual interpretation of satellite images, complemented by the Brightness Temperature Difference (BTD) index, confirmed the accuracy of dust source identification. The analysis revealed that an active low-pressure system in the eastern Mediterranean facilitated dust formation due to low humidity conditions. Dust movement was predominantly directed from northwest to southeast, impacting regions in southwestern Iran, including Kermanshah, Ilam, and Khuzestan. Additionally, the study examined wind patterns, demonstrating how zonal and meridional winds contributed to dust transport and dissipation. A comparative analysis of vegetation cover over a decade indicated a significant decline at the dust formation site, suggesting a correlation between reduced vegetation and increased dust emissions. This research underscores the complex interplay between atmospheric dynamics and regional environmental changes, highlighting the need for further investigation into the long-term impacts of vegetation loss on dust storm frequency and intensity. The findings aim to enhance our understanding of dust storm mechanisms and inform strategies for mitigating their adverse effects on human health and the environme