The Creditor Community in Insolvency (Bankruptcy) Legal Relations: The Experience of Russia and Foreign Countries

The current Russian legislation is characterized by the lack of a systematic approach to regulating relations between creditors in connection with their participation in a bankruptcy case. The main reason for this is that the creditor community is not granted the status of an independent entity within the framework of bankruptcy procedures. Determining the legal nature of this community, including the issue of its legal capacity, is a key condition for the formation of an effective system of legal regulation of insolvency (bankruptcy) relations. The purpose of the study is to determine the legal nature of the creditor community within the framework of bankruptcy procedures, analyze its characteristics and legal status, as well as substantiate the need to recognize its partial legal capacity for the formation of an effective system for regulating the interaction of creditors. The study is aimed at identifying systemic gaps in Russian legislation through a comparative analysis of domestic and foreign experience. Based on the results of the study, the author concludes that the creditor community has partial legal capacity, exercising its rights exclusively within the framework of insolvency (bankruptcy) legal relations. The subjectification of the creditor community as a bearer of common interests for all creditors entails the endowment of creditors, as participants in such a community, with a set of mutual obligations.