Extra-galactic Star-forming Environments as Sources of High-Energy Neutrinos

Star-forming environments such as star-forming and Starburst Galaxies (SFGs and SBGs) experience intense phases of stellar formation activity, which is expected to increase the amount of gas and magnetic turbulence leading to confinement of high-energy cosmic rays (CRs) and high probability of proton-proton (pp) collisions. Therefore, these environments are expected to be powerful emitters of high-energy gamma-rays and neutrinos. In this contribution, using 15 years of public Fermi-LAT data, I will discuss the correlation between these emissions with the star formation rate and I quantify that the SFG and SBG contribution cannot saturate the the isotropic gamma-ray background (IGRB) measured by Fermi-LAT while being consistent with a $\sim 20\%$ contribution to the 6-year Cascade diffuse neutrino flux measured by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory.