Determining the optimal location of the ranger's observation post

Environmental crimes are recognized as one of the most pressing issues affecting nature and ecology, not only in Mongolia but globally. Therefore, it is imperative to research and identify the factors that can reduce this type of crime and to test these strategies in practice. This study employed spatial analysis and statistical methods to investigate the relationships between different types of environmental crimes, their locations, and their proximity to the ranger's observation posts. This study utilized data on crimes committed in Eroo Sum, Selenge Province, between 2017 and 2023, along with information from ranger control posts and environmental factors such as elevation, roads, and water. The findings reveal that 181 environmental crimes occurred in Eroo sum during the seven years. Of these, 78.4% were related to illegal mineral exploration, usage, and extraction, 18.2% involved illegal logging, and 3.3% were associated with forest and field fires, illegal harvesting of natural vegetation, and unauthorized hunting. These crimes predominantly occurred in low-lying areas, near roads and water bodies, and at considerable distances from ranger observation posts. Summarizing the correlation results, it was determined that establishing ranger observation posts in three locations outside the high-risk river areas, near roads, in low-lying areas, and with good visibility would significantly improve crime prevention. The study highlights a direct relationship between the placement of ranger observation posts and the frequency of environmental crimes, underscoring the importance of observation posts placement in reducing offenses. As environmental crimes are projected to rise, it is crucial to adopt proactive measures by situating ranger observation posts at optimal locations to prevent and deter such activities effectively. As environmental crimes are projected to rise, it is crucial to adopt proactive measures by situating monitoring stations at optimal locations to prevent and deter such activities effectively.