Hemostasis in the donor area of the hard palate using 445 nm wavelength laser radiation

Relevance. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of hemostasis using laser radiation with a wavelength of 445 nm in the donor site of the hard palate. Chronometric analysis was performed to determine the time required to achieve hemostasis in the wound. Additionally, traditional methods of bleeding control commonly used in surgical dental practice during free gingival graft transplantation from the palate were analyzed. Materials and methods. A study was conducted involving 48 patients with an average age of 39.00 ± 8.43 years who were treated with gingivoplasty and vestibuloplasty with a free gingival graft from the palate. In 75% of cases (n = 36), a free de-epithelialized gingival graft was obtained from the hard palate, while in 25% of cases (n = 12), a free full-thickness mucosal graft was used. Hemostasis in the hard palate donor site was achieved using laser radiation with a wavelength of 445 nm. The procedure was performed in a non-contact, dynamic manner with a non-initiated fiber at 1 W power in continuous mode. Results. The mean donor site wound area was 248.65 ± 8.78 mm², and the mean time to achieve complete hemostasis was 167.65 ± 7.37 seconds. Regression analysis of coagulation time identified defect size and the presence of epithelium on the graft as significant factors. In cases where a free de-epithelialized connective tissue graft was used, the mean coagulation time increased by 6.8 seconds (p = 0.0005), as determined through contrast assessment in the regression model. No instances of postoperative bleeding at the donor site were observed over the long term. Conclusion. Laser-assisted hemostasis using 445 nm wavelength radiation offers distinct advantages over conventional hemostatic methods for controlling bleeding at the donor site of the hard palate. Its application reduces the risk of postoperative complications, making it a valuable technique in periodontal and oral surgical practice.