Exploration and Practice of "Problem-oriented + Discussion-based" Classroom Teaching Reform: A Case Study of the Ideological and Political Theory Course Basic Principles of Marxism

Today's society is undergoing rapid transformation, leading to a significant shift in the demand for talent. Modern society requires not only individuals with specialized knowledge and skills but also those who possess an innovative spirit, teamwork capabilities, and the ability to solve complex problems. However, traditional teacher-centered teaching methods often result in passive learning, limiting students' opportunities for active participation and critical thinking, which hinders the development of essential competencies. In response to these challenges, the "problem-oriented + discussion-based" classroom reform has emerged. This approach emphasizes problem-solving orientation, aiming to stimulate students' innovative thinking and practical abilities through guided discussions and collaborative communication. It shifts the focus of the classroom from teacher-led instruction to student-centered learning, empowering students to take ownership of their education. Ideological and political courses, in particular, prioritize the cultivation of critical and independent thinking, encouraging students to question, analyze, and solve problems. The integration of the "problem-oriented + discussion-based" method into ideological and political classes can foster students' curiosity and thirst for knowledge, promote active thinking and exploration, and provide a platform for exchanging ideas and sparking intellectual debates. This approach enhances the relevance and effectiveness of ideological and political education, cultivates students' critical thinking and innovation capabilities, and ultimately improves overall teaching quality.