Preparation and Evaluation of Microemulsion for Anti-Inflammatory of Myristica Fragrans and Curcuma Aromatica in Wistar Rats Using Carrageenan Induced Model

Inflammation is a complex biological response that plays a key role in various pathological conditions. The present study aimed to formulate and evaluate an herbal microemulsion containing Myristica fragrans (Nutmeg) and Curcuma aromatica (Wild Turmeric) for its anti-inflammatory activity. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of these medicinal plants were prepared using Soxhlet extraction and lyophilization, respectively. A stable microemulsion was developed using castor oil as the oil phase, Tween 80 and PEG 400 as surfactants, and distilled water as the aqueous phase. The formulation was characterized for particle size (150 nm), zeta potential (-35 mV), pH (6.5), viscosity, and stability. The anti-inflammatory efficacy of the herbal microemulsion was assessed using the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in Wistar rats. The study compared the anti-inflammatory effects of the microemulsion with diclofenac sodium, a standard NSAID. Results indicated a significant reduction in paw edema in the herbal microemulsion-treated group (75% reduction at 6 hours), comparable to the diclofenac group (80% reduction). Statistical analysis using ANOVA confirmed the significance of these results (p < 0.05). Additionally, microbiological studies confirmed sterility and demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The formulated herbal microemulsion exhibited desirable physicochemical properties, potent anti-inflammatory effects, and antimicrobial activity, making it a promising natural alternative for managing inflammatory conditions. Further research and clinical trials are warranted to explore its therapeutic potential in humans.