Understanding the flow of information on Malaysian and Indonesian educational concerns in the YouTube Realm: the social network analysis and epistemic network analysis

Purpose The study aims to examine the YouTube videos of Malaysia and Indonesia’s education systems to determine what connections exist among curriculum, teacher, accessibility and equity. Design/methodology/approach Data included YouTube videos about the education system in Malaysia and Indonesia. The most influential YouTube videos about the education systems in Malaysia and Indonesia were first identified through social network analysis. Four videos with the highest betweenness centrality were selected from 100 videos related to the Malaysian education system, whereas the other four videos were selected from 95 videos related to the Indonesian education system, respectively. Transcripts of these videos were qualitatively coded through thematic analysis to study the Malaysian and Indonesian education systems. Epistemic network analysis was then applied to identify the strength of relationships between nodes that emerged from the inductive thematic analysis of the selected YouTube video transcriptions. Findings Epistemic network analysis revealed that the network model in Malaysia had the greatest connection between equity and curriculum. The network model in Indonesian demonstrated the greatest connection between curriculum and teacher. Originality/value The article will contribute to the knowledge about the issues related to Malaysia and Indonesia’s education systems by analyzing the most transcriptions from the most influential YouTube videos and identifying the connections among curriculum, teacher, accessibility and equity.