Monitoring of environmental variables in greenhouse crops through an IoT wireless sensor network

Agricultural cultivation in the Amazon region is vital for local farmers. Monitoring environmental variables in greenhouses is crucial for the quantity and quality of the harvest. The objective was to propose a wireless sensor network with open-source hardware and software. The client nodes, based on ESP8266, acquire data in real time from various transducers and transmit them to the server node (ESP32) through WebSockets. A webpage embedded in the ESP32 displays the environmental variables. The data is transmitted to a broker using MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport), processed with Node-RED, stored in InfluxDB, and displayed on a Grafana dashboard. The results show that the use of open-source software and hardware for wireless sensor networks is efficient, reliable, economical, and applicable in various covered plantations.