TIL VOSITASIDA OLAMNING IKKILAMCHI KATEGORIYALASHTIRILISHI

The formation of linguistic unit meanings is a complex cognitive process closely related to world perception, conceptualization, and categorization. This study explores the process of world categorization through language, its role in cognitive semantics and linguistics, as well as the distinctions between primary and secondary categorization. The article argues that primary categorization involves the classification of reality based on personal experience, while secondary categorization emerges as a result of new contexts and metaphorical transformations. The research analyzes the cognitive and linguistic mechanisms of secondary categorization, particularly the role of metaphor and metonymy. This process plays a crucial role in enriching the semantic system of a language and explaining meaning transfer mechanisms. The study also discusses the formation of polysemantic units, the emergence of phraseological expressions, and their relation to the principle of linguistic economy. The findings indicate that the process of perceiving the world through language is based on cognitive modeling principles, with semantic units reflecting the way human cognition processes and restructures information. Thus, secondary categorization is not only a linguistic phenomenon but also a reflection of the universality and specificity of human thinking. The article presents new theoretical approaches to understanding the principles of world categorization from the perspective of cognitive linguistics.