Design, Implementation and Analysis of a Smart Prepaid Energy Metering System

Electricity theft and inefficient monitoring of energy have been the major drawbacks that power distribution companies have been experiencing. Such drawbacks contribute to huge revenue losses and make energy management ineffective. Traditional energy meters do not have advanced monitoring functionality and features for detecting tampering. This makes the system more exposed. All these challenges could only be overcome with a less costly and efficient system by improving energy responsibility and enabling the identification of unauthorized use. The study developed and implemented a smart prepaid energy metering system that could be used in real-time monitoring and theft detection. The Arduino microcontroller used a current sensor (ACS712), a voltage sensor (ZMPT101B), and a relay (SRD-05VDC-SL-C) to calculate power consumption every second. Codes could be used to recharge the meter, while a SIM800 module allowed for tamper detection by sending an SMS should the cover be opened. The smart meter is supposed to show in real-time the reading of consumption, the usage, and the units available. The meter is supposed to work continuously, whether in the presence of an AC supply or there being a DC battery backup. The testing involved energy calculation, detection of tampering, and also the recharging action functionalities. The smart prepaid energy meter worked well, as it calculated the consumption of energy accurately. When the units ended, they disconnected the supply power. It also has tamper detection through which it was able to send SMS notifications reading “Possible Energy Theft” in case of unauthorized interference. Further, it attains 20 hours of operation due to DC battery support when there is no power. Hence, it gives reliable measures. This system offers a practical solution for real-time energy monitoring, enhancing theft detection and promoting efficient energy management.