ELUCIDATING THE HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF ENDOMETRIAL LESIONS- BENIGN TO MALIGNANT

Endometrium is the mucosal layer lining the uterine cavity composed of endometrial glands and specialised stroma. It undergoes hormonally driven changes through out the menstrual cycle. Endometrial carcinoma is the most common invasive cancer of female genital tract[1,2]. Endometrial carcinoma occurs in 8 per10,000 women globally and is the tenth most frequent reason for cancer deaths[3]. In India it is seen in 4.3 per 100000 women. Endometrial biopsy is currently preffered alternative to dilatation and curettage and is the initial approach to patients with suspected endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma. Histopathological examination plays a pivotal role in the management of endometrial lesions. To Analyse the spectrum of lesions in endometrial specimens p Aim: resenting to tertiary care hospital. Setting And Design: Materials And This was a retrospective study done in the Department of Pathology, Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool. Methods: Study period was for 2 years (January 2022 to December 2023) . Study includes endometrial biopsies, D&C Specimens, Hysterectomy specimens. Grossing was done, processed; Haematoxylin and Eosin stain was done. Reporting was done by light microscopy. Data was collected and entered in MS Excel sheet. Results: A total of 453 endometrial samples were received, among which 119 ( 26.2%) are endometrial lesions, 112 (94.9%) are non-neoplatic and 7 (5.08%) are neoplastic. Most common age group for non-neoplastic lesions is 44-52 years and most common age group for neoplastic lesions is 55-65 years. Endometrial Hyperplasia with out atypia is the most common nonneoplastic lesion accounting for 64 cases and endometrioid adenocarcinoma is the most common neoplastic lesion accounting for 4 cases. Conclusion: Non-neoplastic lesions are more common out of all endometrial lesions. Among neoplastic lesions, endometrioid adenocarcinoma is more common. Histopathological examination plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management of endometrial lesions.