Factors Influencing Preoperative Blood Pressure Fluctuations in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery: A Retrospective Observational Study

Significant increases in preoperative blood pressure were observed upon patient entry into the operating room. Older age, preoperative hypertension, and inadequate sleep duration were identified as independent risk factors for blood pressure fluctuations. These findings underscore the need for targeted preoperative interventions to minimize blood pressure variability, particularly in elderly and hypertensive patients with inadequate sleep duration.