Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn) fruit extract prevents high-sugar diet-inducedmetabolic syndromes by preserving glucose and lipid homeostasis

Obesity and diabetes mellitus are two interrelated metabolic conditions that share a number of pathophysiological mechanisms which are frequently observed to develop various physical complications. Consumption of excess sugar has been reported to promote the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) both directly and indirectly. Sugar-induced elevated blood glucose level leads to develop various syndromes such as hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, hypertriacylglycerolaemia, dislipidaemia, and a decrease in serum HDL-cholesterol concentration. Hence, the current study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effect of amla (Emblica officinalis) fruit extract (AE) on mitigating the detrimental effect of high-sugar and sugary food consumption. Mice were treated with or without amla extract (20 mg/kg BW) in both normal and highsugar diet (HSD) fed mice for 8 weeks. Amla extract exerted a remarkable effect to hamper the hyperphagia due to HSD consumption in mice. The excessive body weight gain caused by HSD was effectively prevented by the administration of AE. Furthermore, oral administration of AE also improved glucose tolerance in HSD-fed mice. The group that received AE experienced a significant difference in liver weight, white adipose tissue (WAT), and brown adipose tissue (BAT) weights, but not in heart or kidney weight in comparison to that of the HSD-fed group. The HSD+AE group significantly lowered total cholesterol and triacylglycerides. These findings suggest that amla has the potential to ameliorate the metabolic dysregulation caused by high-sugar diet consumption.