Green Hydrogen in Brazilian Industry: Pathways to Decarbonization and Sustainable Competitiveness

Introduction: This study explores the adoption of green hydrogen (H2V) in the Brazilian industry, proposing an economic feasibility index based on economic, technological, and regulatory variables. H2V emerges as a solution to decarbonize energy-intensive sectors, leveraging Brazil's renewable energy potential. The theoretical model evaluates factors such as production costs, carbon credits, and industrial adaptation technologies. Despite high initial costs and infrastructure challenges, findings suggest that technological advancements and public policies can drive the energy transition. It concludes that H2V is a promising alternative to reduce emissions and enhance industrial competitiveness. Objective: This study analyzes the adoption of green hydrogen (H2V) in the Brazilian industry, proposing an economic feasibility index to assess its potential in energy transition and decarbonization. Theoretical Framework: The research builds on frameworks related to renewable energy adoption, decarbonization strategies, and the economic impact of carbon credit markets, with a focus on energy-intensive industries. Method: A theoretical model was developed based on secondary data and literature review, integrating variables such as production costs, technological adaptation, and carbon credit markets. The model evaluates how these factors interact to influence H2V adoption. Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that declining renewable energy costs and technological advancements significantly enhance H2V feasibility. The study highlights barriers such as high initial costs and infrastructure challenges, while carbon credit incentives and fossil fuel price volatility emerge as key adoption drivers. Research Implications: The study offers actionable insights for fostering sustainable transitions in energy-intensive industries, assisting policymakers and industry leaders in strategy formulation. Originality and Value: This study is pioneering in proposing a specific economic feasibility index for the use of H2V in the Brazilian industry, considering interdependent variables such as costs, technologies, and public policies. It provides practical and theoretical insights to support sustainable transitions and advances the discussion on decarbonization in the industrial sector.