Energy Saving Potential of Hybrid Propulsion System for Fishing Vessels in Indonesia

Indonesia, as the largest archipelagic country in the world, has a fishing vessel fleet dominated by conventional diesel engine-based propulsion systems. The high use of fossil fuels on these fishing vessels causes significant greenhouse gas emissions and unstable operating costs due to fluctuations in fuel prices. This study explores the potential for energy savings and emission reductions from the implementation of hybrid propulsion systems on fishing vessels in Indonesia. Using literature analysis and case studies, this study compares energy efficiency, fuel consumption, and emissions in conventional and hybrid propulsion systems. The results show that the implementation of a hybrid system can reduce energy consumption by up to 29.4%, reduce fuel consumption by up to 25%, and reduce CO₂ emissions by up to 23% per trip compared to conventional vessels. A hybrid diesel-electric propulsion system with renewable energy integration is the optimal configuration for small to medium-scale fishing vessels in Indonesia. This study provides recommendations for ideal propulsion designs based on vessel operational characteristics, and supports the transition to more environmentally friendly and sustainable electricity technology in the Indonesian maritime sector.