Investigating Thai University Learners’Attitudes towards English as a Medium of Instruction: Opportunities and Challenges

The present study investigates Thai university learners’ attitudes towards using English as a medium of instruction (EMI) in higher education. A total of 204 students enrolled in international programs at a public university voluntarily completed a five-point Likert scale questionnaire, and 12 participants were randomly chosen for follow-up interviews to explore the perceived opportunities and challenges of EMI. The results show that Thai university learners generally hold positive attitudes towards EMI, seeing it as a helpful tool for enhancing their English language skills, boosting self-confidence, and competitiveness in the job market. Moreover, students noted that EMI exposure contributed to their overall academic development and global attitude. However, several concerns were identified, particularly regarding financial burdens caused by high tuition fees and the challenges associated with insufficient English proficiency. Some students pointed out difficulties in comprehending course materials and effectively engaging in classroom discussions, which affected their overall learning experience. These findings suggest that while EMI presents significant advantages, targeted support mechanisms, such as language assistance programs and financial aid, may be necessary to lessen its challenges. The present study provides valuable insights into the implications of EMI in higher education and suggests directions for future research to optimize its implementation.