Dynamics of a multifunction neuron model with double membranes

Abstract Neuronal membranes exhibit capacitive properties. By adjusting parameters and applying external stimulus currents, nonlinear circuits can achieve various oscillation modes. In this study, we developed a double-membrane neuron model that is sensitive to both light and magnetic fields. This was achieved by incorporating a phototube and a Josephson junction into a Chua’s circuit. Analysis of the neuron model revealed the following findings: (1). Fluctuations in light and magnetic fields induce changes in the neuronal membrane potential. (2). The proportion of stored energy in the model devices varies under different discharge modes. (3). By integrating the principles of ‘lower energy equals higher stability’ and ‘exponential gain,’ we proposed a method to adjust the structural parameters of neurons, achieving targeted regulation of two key parameters. This research provides valuable insights into the energy regulation mechanisms of neuronal current channels and membrane structures.