Development of biofortified crops to address micronutrient deficiencies

Micronutrient deficiencies, also known as "hidden hunger," affect over two billion people globally, particularly in low-and middle-income countries. These deficiencies lead to severe health consequences, including impaired cognitive development, weakened immune systems, and increased susceptibility to diseases. Biofortification, the process of enhancing the nutritional quality of food crops, has emerged as a sustainable and cost-effective strategy to combat micronutrient malnutrition. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the development of biofortified crops, including the methods used, key nutrients targeted, successful examples, challenges, and future directions. The paper highlights the potential of biofortified crops to improve global nutrition and health outcomes.