Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of <i>Acca sellowiana</i> Peel in RAW264.7 Cells: Involvement of the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Acca sellowiana has been identified by researchers as a source of bioactive compounds, although its peel is commonly discarded due to its bitter and sour taste. This study explores the anti-inflammatory effects of the A. sellowiana peel via the JAK1-STAT1 signaling pathway. The results demonstrate that ASPP significantly inhibits the production of LPS-induced NO (28.96% reduction) and ROS (36.65% clearance), showing a dose-dependent response. Network pharmacology and experimental findings further suggest that ASPP exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the expression of p-JAK1 (57.36% reduction) and p-STAT1 (62.73% reduction). Furthermore, PB2 and Q3A target STAT1 and when used in combination, they effectively inhibit the phosphorylation of JAK1 (29.47% reduction) and STAT1 (42.65% reduction), thereby demonstrating significant synergistic anti-inflammatory effects. This study not only provides theoretical support for the effective utilization of discarded peels but also uncovers a novel molecular mechanism regulating the JAK1-STAT1 signaling pathway, offering promising natural compounds for the development of innovative functional foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.