Fabrication, structural and magnetic properties of aluminium substituted Fe ₃ O ₄ nanoparticles routed through the auto-combustion

The nanocrystalline ferrite samples of Fe (3−x) Al x O 4 with (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0) were synthesized by using auto-combustion technique. The spinel cubic structure with no impurity markings was determined by X-ray diffraction and the lattice constants ranged from 8.398 Å to 8.359 Å. The crystallite sizes, which range from 32.15 nm to 21.38 nm with aluminum, indicate nano-size formation. Micrographs obtained with a FESEM demonstrate that the particles are uniformly distributed and nanoscale in size. Energy dispersive spectral analysis identified the composition of all fundamental elements. Two fundamentally distinct absorption bands, ν 1 and ν 2 , were seen in the FTIR spectra from 600 cm −1 to 404 cm −1 . The VSM experiments were conducted at room temperature and noticed a decrease in saturation magnetization, coercivity and remanent magnetization with aluminum.