RD53 pixel readout integrated circuits for ATLAS and CMS HL-LHC upgrades
Abstract The RD53 collaboration has since 2013 developed new hybrid pixel detector chips with 50 × 50 μm 2 pixels for the HL-LHC upgrades of the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN. A common architecture, design and verification framework has been developed to enable final pixel chips of different sizes to be designed, verified and tested to handle extreme hit rates of 3 GHz/cm 2 (up to 12 GHz per chip) together with an increased trigger rate of 1 MHz and efficient readout of up to 5.12 Gbits/s per pixel chip. Tolerance to an extremely hostile radiation environment with 1 Grad over 10 years and induced SEU (Single Event Upset) rates of up to 100 upsets per second per chip have been major challenges to make reliable pixel chips. Three generations of pixel chips, and many specific mixed signal building blocks and radiation test chips, have been submitted and extensively tested to get to final production chips. The large, complex and high rate pixel chips have been developed with a strong emphasis on low power consumption together with a concurrent development and qualification of novel serial powering at chip, module and system level, to minimize detector material budget.
Authors
- J. DeWitt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5507-0538)
- T. Hemperek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0833-7762)
- T. Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-4778)
- M. Manghisoni (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5559-0894)
- Susanna Esposito (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4103-2837)
- R. Kluit
- D. Vogrig (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5749-0942)
- P. Rymaszewski
- P. Sander
- S. D'Auria
- B. Raciti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5995-6685)
- R. Beccherle
- A. Pulli
- A. Mekkaoui
- Sandeep Miryala (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1277-1745)
- M. Lauritzen
- I. Kazas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6488-3066)
- A. Paccagnella (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6850-4286)
- Álvaro Pradas
- G. De Robertis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8261-6236)
- J. John (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6831-6501)
- E. Conti
- Gian Mario Bilei (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4159-9123)
- J. Kampkötter (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4855-8416)
- M. Barbero (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7824-3358)
- Giorgia Bonomelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0647-5103)
- B. Stugu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1728-9272)
- E. Lopez Morillo
- A. Cassese (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3010-4516)
- J. Christiansen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4800-3473)
- F. Muñoz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9406-3779)
- W. Bialas
- M. Daas
- A. Caratelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4203-9339)
- M. Menouni
- F. Loddo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9517-6815)
- G. Traversi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3977-6976)
- P. Barrillon
- Y. Dieter
- M. Hamer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1550-2030)
- M. Menichelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9004-735X)
- Κωνσταντίνος Μουστάκας (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-7121)
- F. De Canio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3303-3795)
- Fernando Arteche
- F. Licciulli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6955-0321)
- J. Lalic
- M. Minuti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9577-2588)
- Amanda Krieger
- A. Dimitrievska (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0086-0599)
- G. Alimonti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7128-9046)
- D. Gnani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0464-9176)
- M. Solal
- S. Marconi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6125-9751)
- A. Papadopoulou
- C. Marzocca (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2804-2275)
- R. Plackett
- G. Neue
- D. Bortoletto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1287-4712)
- F.R. Palomo Pinto
- Y. A. R. Khwaira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-1647)
- H. Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3554-7113)
- E. A. Thompson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7050-8203)
- A. Rehman
- F. Marquez Lasso
- L. Gaioni
- M. Mironova
- F. Hinterkeuser
- D. Fougeron
- F. Luongo
- S. K. Huiberts (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3277-7418)
- J. Zdenko
- D. Exarchou
- M. Missiroli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1780-1344)
- F. Palla (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6361-438X)
- Lingxin Meng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5321-3616)
- V. Re
- D. Koukola
- M. Karagounis
- A. Andreazza
- F. Crescioli
- T. Heim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7669-5318)
- E. Monteil
- N. Demaria
- A. Paterno
- L. Ratti
- M. Standke
- A. Lounis
- M. T. Grippo
- H. Krüger
- Anna Raquel Petri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0664-7048)
- G. Calderini
- P. Placidi
- S. Orfanelli
- M. Vogt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4620-5576)
- W. Erdmann
- L.M. Jara Casas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2250-9607)
- M. Garcia-Sciveres (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5800-4210)
- L. Pacher (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1288-4838)
- Peilian Liu
- Lorenzo Damenti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4576-8264)
- C. Gozalez Renteria
- A. Guardino
- Konstantin Mauer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9606-8021)
Institutions
- University of Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- University of Bonn (DE)
- University of Padua (IT)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- Universität Hamburg (DE)
- Dortmund University of Applied Sciences and Arts (DE)
- University of California, Santa Cruz (US)
- University of Milan (IT)
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (US)
- University of Zurich (CH)
- National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos" (GR)
- Université Paris Cité (FR)
- Aix-Marseille Université (FR)
- University of Pavia (IT)
- Paul Scherrer Institute (CH)
- ETH Zurich (CH)
- Sorbonne Université (FR)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Sorbonne Paris Cité (FR)
- National Institute for Subatomic Physics (NL)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino (IT)
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (FR)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova (IT)
- Hydroacoustics (United States) (US)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pavia (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Firenze (IT)
- Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (FR)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (IT)
- Institute of High Energy Physics (CN)
- Instituto Tecnológico de Aragón (ES)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia (IT)
- University of Bergen (NO)
- Czech Technical University in Prague (CZ)
- University of Florence (IT)
- University of Turin (IT)
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CH)
- Lancaster University (GB)
- Polytechnic University of Bari (IT)
- Universidad de Sevilla (ES)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Instrumentation
- Published
- 2025-03-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/20/03/p03024
- Citations
- 12
- Primary Topic
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 20.57