A dual-mode INU testing system with FPGA and USB integration

Abstract The Inertial Navigation System (INS) is widely used in aerospace and other fields. To ensure the performance of their core components, namely the Inertial Navigation Unit (INU), the testing system needs to accurately collect and analyze data under various conditions. Existing INS testing systems mostly rely on dedicated data acquisition cards, which are expensive, have limited acquisition channels, poor scalability, and are prone to frame loss during high-data volume transmission, which affects testing accuracy. This project proposes a dual-mode INU measurement and control system built on FPGA with a USB interface, integrating pulse signal measurement and serial data reception to enable high-speed data transmission through USB. Experimental results show that the system improves testing efficiency while ensuring transmission stability and real-time performance, offering good scalability and cost advantages.