Miniaturized Rectangular Patch Antenna with Circular Polarization for Enhanced Biomedical Communication

This paper presents the design and development of a miniaturized rectangular patch antenna with circular polarization, optimized for enhanced biomedical communication. The antenna operates at 2.45 GHz, a frequency commonly used in medical implants and wireless body area networks (WBANs). The design features a unique structure with cut corners and arrow-shaped slots, enhanced using pins to achieve circular polarization and miniaturization. These design elements help improve signal stability and reduce multi-path interference, which is crucial in the complex and dynamic environment of the human body. The compact size of the antenna facilitates easy integration into implantable and wearable devices. Both simulation and experimental results, including tests using pork tissue and silicone gel to simulate human skin, demonstrate the antenna's effectiveness in maintaining low return loss and stable performance under realistic conditions. The proposed antenna offers a robust solution for reliable and efficient communication in biomedical applications, advancing the capabilities of modern healthcare technologies.