Main Pathological Manifestations in Reinforced Concrete and Their Solutions

Objective The objective of this study is to analyze the main pathological manifestations in reinforced concrete structures, identifying their causes, diagnostic methods, and viable solutions to minimize impacts on the durability of constructions. Theoretical Framework: The study is based on the technical standards of the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT), such as NBR 6118, NBR 9575, and NBR 14.931, which establish criteria for the design, waterproofing, and execution of concrete structures. Method: The methodology adopted comprises a qualitative approach through a bibliographic review of scientific publications, technical standards, and case studies. The comparative analysis of the sources made it possible to identify the main pathologies, their origins, and the most effective practices to mitigate them. Results and Discussion: The results showed that the most common pathologies include cracks, reinforcement corrosion, and concrete disintegration, usually associated with design failures, poor execution, and exposure to aggressive environments. The discussion highlighted the importance of the strict application of technical standards and preventive maintenance practices to ensure the integrity of structures. Research Implications: The implications of this research emphasize the need for awareness among construction professionals about the importance of adopting good construction and maintenance practices, contributing to the durability of buildings. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by integrating the main normative approaches and construction practices aimed at the prevention and correction of pathologies in reinforced concrete, proposing sustainable and economically viable solutions.