Uncovering informal urbanisation process in the city of Dar es Salaam: tracing from the colonial regime

Since post-colonial rule, housing facilities have been scarce in emerging towns like Dar es Salaam in Tanzania. The informal settlements are now the first choice for anyone looking for a residence place. Using literature review, observation and mapping methods, we look at how the urbanisation process took place following population densities and how individuals' activities enhance spatial changes. This study aims to examine the informal urbanisation process in Dar es Salaam from colonial to post-colonial rule. The transformation drivers and systems that are seen operating without stipulated laws and rules from the central government; however, the insufficient housing infrastructure and adoption of customary land tenure systems, resulted in the city's informal urbanization. It was revealed that informal settlements were self-organized, and they were constantly changing with dynamic spatial features that were primarily taken away by governmental regulations (or, if there are any rules, they are not obeyed by the residents or investors). The local leadership is the most highly recommended organ in urban development in informal settlements. Therefore, the study suggests cross-checking the role of the local leaders in the development process. The government is to be more localized in the smallest units to enhance better administrative efficiency.