Full-Duplex Techniques for Satellite Communications: Feasibility Analysis and Roadmap

The non-terrestrial communication industry is required to optimize the use of the available radio frequency (RF) spectrum and, in turn, lower the cost per delivered bit. Full-Duplex (FD) is a widely studied technology in the terrestrial domain, which allows the data transmission simultaneously in both directions of the same frequency channel. In this work, we study and evaluate the feasibility of using FD techniques within SatCom networks. First, a survey of the current state of the art for self-interference cancellation (SIC) techniques and technology is presented, to set the baseline of achievable interference cancellation with currently available technology. Subsequently, different SatCom use cases are identified, including different satellite orbits and types of links, and a detailed feasibility evaluation is carried out through analytical models and simulations. The most promising scenarios are shown to be both LEO feeder and downlink in Q/V and Ka band, respectively, and an on-ground FD between terrestrial and satellite backhauling in Ka-band. To conclude, we identify the technological shortcomings and outline a possible roadmap for developing and implementing the necessary self-interference cancellation methods to facilitate FD communications in the selected use cases.