Day-Ahead Scheduling Model for High-Penetration Renewable Energy Power System Considering Energy Storage for Auxiliary Peak Shaving and Frequency Regulation

In response to the increasing pressures of frequency regulation and peak shaving in high-penetration renewable energy power system, we propose a day-ahead scheduling model that incorporates the auxiliary role of energy storage systems in supporting frequency regulation and peak shaving operations. First, we derive the constraints related to steady-state power imbalance, transient frequency excursion risk, and quasi-steady-state frequency recovery risks associated with the participation of energy storage in these ancillary services. Then, we analyze in detail the compatibility between the regulation requirements at various stages of system operation and the corresponding actions of energy storage systems. Based on this analysis, we develop a comprehensive day-ahead active power and frequency security scheduling model to improve the economic efficiency and stability of high-penetration renewable energy power system. The improved IEEE 30-bus system was used as a case study to validate the effectiveness and necessity of the proposed model, which considers the entire dynamic peak shaving and frequency regulation process. Although the associated costs increased by 8.32%, 10.5%, and 2.55% compared to Scenario 1, Scenario 2, and Scenario 3, respectively, the model significantly enhanced the system’s frequency stability. Additionally, the role of energy storage resources in the overall dynamic peak shaving and frequency regulation process was confirmed. Furthermore, the superiority of the proposed day-ahead scheduling method in enhancing system kinetic energy and minimizing the lowest frequency point was also verified.