Comparative analysis of Bessel-Gaussian and Ince-Gaussian beams for free-space optical communication

This study evaluates the performance of Bessel-Gaussian and Ince-Gaussian beams for Free-Space Optical communication (FSO) using visible light and near-infrared wavelengths. We analyze their detection efficiency over a 500-meter range, leveraging their unique spatial characteristics, circular symmetry for Bessel-Gaussian beams and elliptical symmetry for Ince-Gaussian beams. By utilizing pre-trained deep learning models and the Conjugate Light Field (CLF) method, we assess the suitability of these structured beams for data encoding and decoding. Comparative analysis across the two wavelengths provides deeper insights into the performance and distinctive properties of these beams. The findings contribute to optimizing FSO systems and hold potential for advanced applications, including high-resolution imaging and enhanced optical wireless communication technologies.