Advancements in low-loss silicon nitride surface grating couplers

Over the past decade, silicon nitride (Si3N4) has become a leading platform in integrated photonics due to its excellent passive functionalities and CMOS compatibility. Si3N4’s unique properties have driven advancements in optical communications, nonlinear optics, and quantum information sciences. Efficient interfacing between optical fibers and photonic chips remains a key challenge. This can be solved by implementing surface grating couplers, which couple light into fibers placed above the chip, enabling wafer-scale testing. However, the moderate index contrast of Si3N4 hinders their performance. We explore the latest developments in high-efficiency grating couplers on the Si3N4 platform, focusing on innovative designs like high-index material overlays and optimized grating structures to improve coupling efficiency and expand Si3N4 applications in advanced optical technologies.

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Published
2025-03-19
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3043525
Primary Topic
Photonic and Optical Devices
Type
article
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article

Advancements in low-loss silicon nitride surface grating couplers

Pavel Cheben, Maziyar Milanizadeh, Carlos Alonso‐Ramos, David Medina Quiroz et al.
Photonic and Optical Devices
article

Advancements in low-loss silicon nitride surface grating couplers

Pavel Cheben, Maziyar Milanizadeh, Carlos Alonso‐Ramos, David Medina Quiroz, Daniel Benedikovič, Frédéric Y. Gardes, Laurent Vivien, William D. Fraser, Winnie N. Ye, Radovan Korček, Jens H. Schmid, Thalia Dominguez-Bucio, Samson Edmond, Quentin Wilmart
article en

Abstract

Over the past decade, silicon nitride (Si3N4) has become a leading platform in integrated photonics due to its excellent passive functionalities and CMOS compatibility. Si3N4’s unique properties have driven advancements in optical communications, nonlinear optics, and quantum information sciences. Efficient interfacing between optical fibers and photonic chips remains a key challenge. This can be solved by implementing surface grating couplers, which couple light into fibers placed above the chip, enabling wafer-scale testing. However, the moderate index contrast of Si3N4 hinders their performance. We explore the latest developments in high-efficiency grating couplers on the Si3N4 platform, focusing on innovative designs like high-index material overlays and optimized grating structures to improve coupling efficiency and expand Si3N4 applications in advanced optical technologies.

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Université Paris-Saclay (FR), University of Žilina (SK), Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (FR), National Research Council Canada (CA), University of Southampton (GB), Carleton University (CA), Université Grenoble Alpes (FR)
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