Dynamic plasmonic metasurfaces: molecular patterning, phase change materials, and design asymmetry to produce reconfigurable optical properties

We demonstrate techniques to create dynamic plasmonic metasurfaces. First, we show the assembly and modification of optical metasurfaces using bio-molecular and chemical recognition, achieved by patterning fixed metasurface arrays with molecular recognition sites to capture individual nanoparticles. Next, we present polarization-sensitive nanostructures patterned onto phase change substrates, producing devices with temperature and light-responsive plasmonic resonance modes. Doing so, we construct nanopixels with four distinct color states, creating ultra-high resolution security features with that change color based on environmental conditions and light polarization.