Fusing classical and quantum information for super resolution spatial frequency modulation imaging

Spatial Frequency Modulation Imaging (SPIFI) is a structured illumination, single element detection imaging technique that is image contrast agnostic. In linear modalities, dependent on the intensity, SPIFI enables a resolution enhancement of 2X the classical limit. In modalities dependent on the intensity squared, such as two photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF), a 4X enhancement is possible. TPEF is of particular interest in biological imaging, however the analog signals are a limiting factor in samples sensitive to high input powers and/or with significant scattering. Photon counting SPIFI is a new paradigm in imaging in such cases, which also exposes a photon count data stream as a function of the imparted spatial frequency from SPIFI. Fusing the classical image from SPIFI with the Glauber correlations of the same acquired data enables a fusion of classical and quantum information to further extend the resolution enhancements of SPIFI.