Innovations in the treatment of dental caries using lasers

Dental caries is a major oral disease, affecting 3.5 billion people globally and representing a significant public health burden. Traditionally, caries treatment has involved invasive procedures, such as the use of drills and anesthesia, which creates discomfort for patients. However, technological advances have introduced less invasive approaches, with lasers being an innovative tool in caries treatment. The study focused on reviewing the literature on the use of lasers in dentistry, particularly in the treatment of caries, with a descriptive-analytical approach. Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers are the most commonly used lasers, as they allow precise removal of carious tissue and disinfect the treated surfaces, which reduces the risk of infections. In addition, their use reduces the need for local anesthesia, improving patient comfort. However, there are challenges, such as the high initial investment in equipment and the need for specialized training. Despite these obstacles, the growing preference of patients for laser treatments highlights its potential as a promising therapeutic option, positioning it as a key advance in modern dentistry.